Poster Presentation The Australasian Society for Immunology 2017 Annual Scientific Meeting

Tlr4 promote interferon type 1 expression and enhance the th2 response to nippostrongylus brasiliensis independantly of neutrophils extracellular traps secretion (#329)

Christophe Pellefigues 1 , Shiau-Choot Tang 1 , Alfonso Schmidt 1 , Ruby White 1 , Olivier Lamiable 1 , Lisa Connor 1 , Jurek Dobrucky 2 , Graham Le Gros 1 , Franca Ronchese 1
  1. The Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
  2. Department of Cell Biophysics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biochemistry, Jagellonian University, Krakow, Poland

The induction of Th2 responses is thought to be multifactorial, and to emerge from specific pathways distinct from those associated with antagonistic antibacterial or antiviral Th1 responses. Here, we show that the recognition of non-viable Nippostrongylus brasiliensis (Nb) in the skin induces a strong recruitment of monocytes and neutrophils and the release of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs). Nb also activates TLR4 signaling with the expression of Ifnb transcripts in the skin and the development of an IFN type I signature on helminth antigen-bearing dendritic cells in draining lymph nodes. This TLR4-dependent but NETs-independent IFN type I response was amplified by co-injection of small numbers of bacteria together with Nb and enhanced the development of Th2 responses. Thus, a limited activation of antibacterial signaling pathways is able to boost antihelminthic responses, suggesting a role for bacterial sensing in the optimal induction of Th2 immunity.